Not current
2014 -2015 Unit for social studies. Couldn't bear to erase all this work!
This strand will be taught by Mme Donohue during the 2015-2016 school year.
Our Canada Unit
Ontario Votes 2014 Political Platforms
Ontario Provincial Political PartOntario votes 2014 party platformsy Platforms: http://www.cbc.ca/elections/ontariovotes2014/features/view/compare-party-platforms/
Below are some of the topics found on the link above. I tried to choose topics that would be of interest or meaningful to students. Not all sections are covered.
Below are some of the topics found on the link above. I tried to choose topics that would be of interest or meaningful to students. Not all sections are covered.
Ontario Provincial Party Leaders
Canada and its government
The Three Levels of Government
Canada has three main levels of government.
1. The federal level
This level of government deals with areas of law listed in the Constitution Act, 1867 and that generally affect the whole country.
2. The provincial level and the territorial level
In each of the 10 provinces in Canada, the provincial government is responsible for areas listed in the Constitution Act, 1867, such as education, health care, some natural resources, and road regulations. Sometimes they share responsibility with the federal government. The three territories have their own governments, with responsibilities that are given to them by the federal government.
3. The municipal level
This is the level of government that is usually based in a city, town or district (a municipality). Municipal governments are responsible for areas such as libraries, parks, community water systems, local police, roadways and parking. They receive authority for these areas from the provincial governments.
Across the country there are also band councils, which govern First Nations communities. These elected councils are similar to municipal councils and make decisions that affect their local communities
The Division of Powers
The federal level of government has powers that are different from those of provincial governments, including:
The federal government tries to make things fairer among the provinces. Through equalization payments (extra money) given to provinces that are less wealthy, the federal government tries to make sure that the standards of health, education and welfare are the same for every Canadian. In the same way that it lists the powers of the federal government, the Constitution Act, 1867 lists the powers of the provinces, including:
Canada has three main levels of government.
1. The federal level
This level of government deals with areas of law listed in the Constitution Act, 1867 and that generally affect the whole country.
2. The provincial level and the territorial level
In each of the 10 provinces in Canada, the provincial government is responsible for areas listed in the Constitution Act, 1867, such as education, health care, some natural resources, and road regulations. Sometimes they share responsibility with the federal government. The three territories have their own governments, with responsibilities that are given to them by the federal government.
3. The municipal level
This is the level of government that is usually based in a city, town or district (a municipality). Municipal governments are responsible for areas such as libraries, parks, community water systems, local police, roadways and parking. They receive authority for these areas from the provincial governments.
Across the country there are also band councils, which govern First Nations communities. These elected councils are similar to municipal councils and make decisions that affect their local communities
The Division of Powers
The federal level of government has powers that are different from those of provincial governments, including:
- national defence
- foreign affairs
- employment insurance
- banking
- federal taxes
- the post office
- fisheries
- shipping, railways, telephones and pipelines
- Aboriginal lands and rights
- criminal law
The federal government tries to make things fairer among the provinces. Through equalization payments (extra money) given to provinces that are less wealthy, the federal government tries to make sure that the standards of health, education and welfare are the same for every Canadian. In the same way that it lists the powers of the federal government, the Constitution Act, 1867 lists the powers of the provinces, including:
- direct taxes
- hospitals
- prisons
- education
- marriage
- property and civil rights
Great online resources to study about canada click here
Quebec
QUEBEC
-the largest province -located in eastern Canada -capital city is Québec City -largest city is Montreal -a French-speaking province -flower - the Blue Flag, tree - Yellow Birch, bird - Snowy Owl -"Québec" came from the Algonquin word "kepék" meaning "the place where the river narrows." -nicknamed "La Belle Province" because of the diverse landscape and architecture -motto - "Je me souviens" which is French for "I remember". THE PEOPLE -population - (estimated) 7.9 million in 2010 (Statistics Canada) -ethnic groups include French, Irish, Italian, English, Aboriginal, Scottish and German. -main languages spoken: French 80%, English 7.8%, Italian 1.7%, Spanish 1.5%, Arabic 1.5%, (2006 census) -home to over 108,430 aboriginal people: Mohawk, Wendat (Huron), Cree, Algonquin, Innu (Montagnais), Micmac, Attikameks, Inuit and Métis (2006 census) -People came from France, Britain, Southern Europe, East and Southeast Asia. -The largest city is Montreal (population of the metropolitan area is over 3.7 million). -Most cities and towns are along the St. Lawrence River. -Nearly 80% of Québecois live near the shores of the Saint Lawrence River. HISTORY -first people : the Cree, Innu, Attikamek, Algonquin, Abenaki, Malecite, Micmac, Inuit -Iroquois lived in villages along the St. Lawrence River. They grew squash, beans and maize. -Montagnais Nation (Innu) were hunters and gatherers who lived in birchbark covered wigwams. -Inuit of the north hunted seals, whales and polar bears. -Explorer Jacques Cartier arrived in 1534 and claimed the land for France. -Samuel de Champlain set up a colony called New France in 1608. -Farmers called "habitants" settled there. -British and French fought the Seven Years' War. -The war ended when Québec City was captured by the British (1759). -Loyalists arrived from the U.S. (1781) and settled farther west up the river. -The area was divided into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada (mainly French speaking) in 1791. -The Act of Union in 1840 united Upper and Lower Canada and established the Province of Canada. -In 1867 the Province of Canada was divided into Ontario and Quebec. -Québec became one of the four original provinces of the Dominion of Canada, along with Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia in 1867. WATER AND LAND -The land is divided into three regions - Canadian Shield, St. Lawrence Lowlands and Appalachian Region -About 90 % of Québec is in the Canadian Shield Region. -The Shield is rocky, with forests, lakes and rivers. -Forests cover over half of Québec. -The Lowlands are along the St. Lawrence River. -This is the agricultural region and where most of the people live. -The St. Lawrence River (over 1200 km. long) links Québec to the Atlantic Ocean. -Ships sail inland on the St. Lawrence River. -The Appalachian Region in the southeastern area of the province consists of weathered mountains. -Québec has more fresh water than any other province. -There are more than one million lakes and thousands of waterways. RESOURCES / INDUSTRY -Gold, copper, iron ore,silver, zinc, nickel and asbestos are mined in Quebec. -Hydroelectric power is produced and exported to the U.S. -One of the largest hydroelectric plants in the world is near James Bay. -Québec produces more than a third of Canada's pulp and paper products (paper, newsprint, boxes, tissue and cardboard) -Lumber is used to make furniture and to build homes. -The province is Canada's main producer of maple syrup. -The main farming area is the St. Lawrence Lowlands. -The dairy industry is the largest in Canada -Raising hogs, cattle and poultry and growing hay, corn and oats to feed the animals are important agricultural activities. -All kinds of fruits and vegatables are grown in southern Québec. -Manufacturing : aerospace industry, aircraft and commuter trains, computer and electronic products, pharmaceuticals CLIMATE -northern Québec : arctic climate, very cold winters, permafrost -the Shield and Lowlands: subarctic climate, long cold winters, short warm summers -southern Québec: humid; cold snowy winters; hot muggy summers EVENTS -The Winter Carnival is held in Québec City in February. Activities include winter sports, dances, ice sculptures, dog sled races, parades and concerts. "Bonhomme" is the snowman mascot. PLACES -Bonaventure Island bird sanctuary - largest colony of gannets in the world -Québec City - the only walled city north of Mexico, has many historic buildings -Old Montreal - cobblestone streets and historic 17th and 18th century architecture -The Québec Citadel - a large fortification built in the 19th century to protect the city -Religious shrines (Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal and Ste-Anne-de-Beaupré Basilica) attract millions of pilgrims. PEOPLE -Celine Dion - has records in English and French, has recorded movie soundtracks -Oscar Peterson (1925-2007) - jazz pianist -William Shatner - actor (Captain Kirk of Star Trek series) -J.A.Bombardier (1907-1961) inventor of the snowmobile, produced the Ski-Doo in 1959 -Myriam Bédard - winner of two Olympic Gold medals (biathlon) -Gaétan Boucher - winner of four Olympic Gold medals (speed skating) -Marc Gagnon - four time World champion, winner of three Olympic Gold medals (speed skating) -Gilles and Jacques Villeneuve - race car drivers -Marc Garneau and Julie Payette - Canadian astronauts -Canadian Prime Ministers from Québec : Jean Chrétien, Brian Mulroney, Pierre Trudeau, Louis S. St-Laurent, Sir Wilfred Laurier and Sir John Abbot . -Famous hockey players from Québec : Henri and Maurice "ROCKET" Richard, Jean Béliveau, Guy LaFleur, Patrick Roy, Bernie "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, Mario Lemieux Newfoundland and Labrador
NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR
-This most easterly province is made up of Newfoundland (island) and Labrador (mainland). -Thousands of small islands are also included. -Labrador is larger and is bordered by Quebec. The North Atlantic Ocean is to the east. -The island of Newfoundland is surrounded by the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Atlantic Ocean. -The capital city and largest city is St. John's. -flower - Pitcher Plant, tree - Black Spruce, bird - Atlantic Puffin. -motto - "Seek ye first the Kingdom of God." THE PEOPLE -About 508, 410 people live in Newfoundland and Labrador (estimate 2011). -Most of the population lives on the island of Newfoundland. -People live in fishing villages along the coast and small rural communities. -About 60% of the people live in towns and cities. -Early settlers mainly came from England, Ireland and Scotland. -About 96% are British and Irish, and about 2% are of French descent -Aboriginal ancestry include Micmac, Inuit, Innu and Métis. CLIMATE -In northern Labrador the climate is subarctic. -The Atlantic Ocean affects the climate. -Summers are cool and winters are long. -There are many storms, fog, strong winds, heavy precipitation and cold temperatures. -Newfoundland experiences more fog than any of the other Atlantic Provinces. HISTORY -The first people of Newfoundland were the Beothuk (now extinct) who hunted caribou and fished. -For thousands of years ancestors of the Inuit hunted seal and polar bears along the Labrador coast. -Vikings (Norsemen) were the first to visit Newfoundland and Labrador. -Five hundred years later (in 1497) the explorer John Cabot arrived . -He claimed the "new found isle" for the King of England. -Fishermen from France, England, Spain and Portugal fished in the waters of the Grand Banks. -English, Irish and Scottish settlers built small villages along the coast. -In 1949 Newfoundland became a Canada's tenth province. LAND AND WATER -There are many bays and deep fiords along the coastlines. -Pack ice and icebergs can be seen off the coastline. -Thick forests and many rivers and lakes cover much of the island and south and central Labrador. -Torngat Mountains in Labrador are the most spectacular mountains east of the Rockies. -Gros Morne National Park (west coast of Newfoundland) has mountains, forests, lakes and sand dunes. -Terra Nova National Park (east coast of Newfoundland) consists of rocky cliffs, rolling hills, forests, lakes and ponds. -The Continental Shelf off the coast includes shallow areas (banks) and deeper areas (troughs and channels) -The Grand Banks are a shallow part of the Continental Shelf (less than 50 metres deep) that lie off the coast of Newfoundland. RESOURCES/INDUSTRY -Main exports are oil, fish products, newsprint, iron ore and electricity. -Newfoundland and Labrador are part of the Canadian Shield. -Iron ore is produced in Labrador. (Steel is made from iron ore.) -Oil and gas are found under the Grand Banks. -Churchill Falls in Labrador is the second largest underground hydroelectric power plant in the world. -Fishermen catch cod, herring, Atlantic salmon, flounder, turbot, halibut, tuna and haddock. -Lobster, scallops, shrimp, and crab are also caught. -Overfishing caused a severe decline of fish in the Grand Banks. -Fish processing is an important industry. -Forests ( mostly coniferous trees ) cover one third of Newfoundland. -Summers are cool and the growing season is short. PLACES AND PEOPLE -Signal Hill is a high cliff where Italian inventor Marconi received the first wireless signal (1901) from across the Atlantic Ocean. -Titanic, a large passenger ship, sank in 1912 after hitting an iceberg south of Newfoundland. -A transatlantic telegraph cable was laid on the bottom of the ocean from Ireland to Heart's Content, Newfoundland in 1866. -Joey Smallwood - first premier of Newfoundland, the main force for bringing Newfoundland into Confederation in 1949 -Kevin Major - a Canadian children's author lives in St.John's. -W.Grenfell - a doctor and missionary in the early 1900s, who visited fishing villages along the coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland to care for the sick. new Brunswick |
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NEW BRUNSWICK (N.B.)
-New Brunswick is one of the four Atlantic provinces in Canada.
-Quebec's Gaspé Peninsula is north, the State of Maine is to the west. -It is the third smallest province.
-The province is named for the British royal family of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
-It is called the Loyalist Province.
-New Brunswick is Canada's only officially bilingual province.
-N.B. has a mainland and many islands.
-Fredericton is the capital city.
-Saint John is the largest city.
-flower - Purple Violet, tree - Balsam Fir, bird - Black-capped Chickadee
-motto - "Hope was restored."
THE PEOPLE
-The population was 729,997 (Statistics Canada, 2006)
-Estimated population in 2011 was 753,200 as of January 1st.
-The oldest city is Saint John.
-Moncton is the largest city. (February 2011)
-Fredericton, the provincial capital is the third largest city.
-Many people are of French, British, Scottish and Irish origin.
-Over 32 percent of the population are Francophones.
-Other groups include native people, Germans, Dutch, Scandinavians, Italians and Asians.
CLIMATE
-The northern half of the province has cold winters and warm summers.
-Areas near the sea have milder winters and slightly cooler summers.
-Moist air from the Atlantic Ocean produces mild weather in the winter and cool summers.
-Winter storms bring rain to the Bay of Fundy coast and snow to the interior.
-It is often foggy in the spring and early summer along the Bay of Fundy.
HISTORY
-The first people to live in N.B. include the Micmac and Malecite.
-The Micmac and Malecite hunted and fished and were guides for the French explorers.
-The French mariner Jacques Cartier visited the east coast in 1534.
-In 1604 Samuel de Champlain and the French established the first settlement..
-The French called the east coast area Acadia.
-By 1608 French settlers (called Acadians) were farming around the Bay of Fundy.
-Acadia became an English colony in 1713.
-Some of the people would not swear loyalty to England. Their homes were burned and they were sent away.
Some went to Louisiana in the United States.
-Amercan settlers founded the city of Saint John (oldest city in Canada).
-In 1784 the north section of the colony became the new colony of New Brunswick.
-The lumbering industy grew. Shipbuilding was a big industry.
-The ships carried masts and other wood products around the world.
-Thousands came from Ireland after 1846 to work in the lumber industry or to farm.
-On July 1, 1867 New Brunswick became one of the first four provinces of Canada.
WATER AND LAND
-More than half of the province is surrounded by water.
-The east coast faces the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Northumberland Strait; The Bay of Fundy
is along the south coast.
-Many bays and inlets along the coasts provide safe harbours for boats.
-There are many rivers in the province.
-The longest river is the Saint John River ( 670 km.long).
-The Bay of Fundy between N.B. and Nova Scotia has the world's highest tides (over 15 metres high).
-Forests (mainly black spruce and fir) cover about 85 percent of N.B.
-The Appalachian Mountains run along the western edge of the province.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-N.B. is the main producer of lead, zinc, copper and bismuth in Canada.
-Gypsum, potash, antimony, silver, gold, natural gas and oil are also mined.
-There are fishing ports where more than fifty kinds of fish and shellfish are caught
(scallops, shrimp, herring, lobsters, snow crabs, mussels, oysters, etc. )
-Lobster is the most valuable catch. Crab is second.
-Aquaculture farms harvest salmon, trout, arctic char, oysters and mussels.
-The main industry is forestry.
-Paper, newspaper, magazines, tissue, wooden doors and windows are made.
-There are livestock, dairy, poultry, potato and berry farms.
-The main crop is potatoes. The Saint John River Valley is called the "Potato Belt."
-Apples, blueberries, strawberries, and cranberries are also grown.
-Fiddleheads (sprouts of the ostrich fern) are gathered in early spring for eating.
PEOPLE AND PLACES
-"Stompin Tom" Conners , a well-known folksinger, was born in Saint John in 1936
-R. Foulis invented the first steam foghorn (1860).
-Romeo LeBlanc was the first Acadian to become a Governor-General of Canada.
-Roch Voisine (song writer and singer ) won a Juno Award in 1993 for male vocalist.
-Bliss Carmen (1861-1929) was one of Canada's best known poets.
-Sir Charles G.D. Roberts (1860-1943) was known as the Father of Canadian Poetry.
-Donald Sutherland (1934- ) is a famous Hollywood actor.
-The McCain Brothers established McCain Foods in 1957. The company is the largest producer of french fries
and other oven-ready frozen food products in the world.
-Hartland Bridge is the world's longest covered bridge (390 m. or 1282 ft. long).
-Sixty-two covered bridges remain in the province.
-Confederation Bridge is the longest bridge in the world crossing ice-covered water.
It is 12.9 kilometres or 8 miles long. The bridge connects N.B. to Prince Edward Island.
-Magnetic Hill in Moncton is a type of optical illusion.
-At Reversing Falls on St. John River, the water rushes uphill against the normal flow of the falls.
-Bay of Fundy is the place for whale watching (Finbacks, Humpbacks, Pilot whales and the rare Right whale).
-Rocks Provincial Park (Bay of Fundy) has strange-shaped rocks called Flowerpot Rocks rising out of the sea
-There are more than 48 lighthouses, including those inland on the rivers
-New Brunswick is one of the four Atlantic provinces in Canada.
-Quebec's Gaspé Peninsula is north, the State of Maine is to the west. -It is the third smallest province.
-The province is named for the British royal family of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
-It is called the Loyalist Province.
-New Brunswick is Canada's only officially bilingual province.
-N.B. has a mainland and many islands.
-Fredericton is the capital city.
-Saint John is the largest city.
-flower - Purple Violet, tree - Balsam Fir, bird - Black-capped Chickadee
-motto - "Hope was restored."
THE PEOPLE
-The population was 729,997 (Statistics Canada, 2006)
-Estimated population in 2011 was 753,200 as of January 1st.
-The oldest city is Saint John.
-Moncton is the largest city. (February 2011)
-Fredericton, the provincial capital is the third largest city.
-Many people are of French, British, Scottish and Irish origin.
-Over 32 percent of the population are Francophones.
-Other groups include native people, Germans, Dutch, Scandinavians, Italians and Asians.
CLIMATE
-The northern half of the province has cold winters and warm summers.
-Areas near the sea have milder winters and slightly cooler summers.
-Moist air from the Atlantic Ocean produces mild weather in the winter and cool summers.
-Winter storms bring rain to the Bay of Fundy coast and snow to the interior.
-It is often foggy in the spring and early summer along the Bay of Fundy.
HISTORY
-The first people to live in N.B. include the Micmac and Malecite.
-The Micmac and Malecite hunted and fished and were guides for the French explorers.
-The French mariner Jacques Cartier visited the east coast in 1534.
-In 1604 Samuel de Champlain and the French established the first settlement..
-The French called the east coast area Acadia.
-By 1608 French settlers (called Acadians) were farming around the Bay of Fundy.
-Acadia became an English colony in 1713.
-Some of the people would not swear loyalty to England. Their homes were burned and they were sent away.
Some went to Louisiana in the United States.
-Amercan settlers founded the city of Saint John (oldest city in Canada).
-In 1784 the north section of the colony became the new colony of New Brunswick.
-The lumbering industy grew. Shipbuilding was a big industry.
-The ships carried masts and other wood products around the world.
-Thousands came from Ireland after 1846 to work in the lumber industry or to farm.
-On July 1, 1867 New Brunswick became one of the first four provinces of Canada.
WATER AND LAND
-More than half of the province is surrounded by water.
-The east coast faces the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Northumberland Strait; The Bay of Fundy
is along the south coast.
-Many bays and inlets along the coasts provide safe harbours for boats.
-There are many rivers in the province.
-The longest river is the Saint John River ( 670 km.long).
-The Bay of Fundy between N.B. and Nova Scotia has the world's highest tides (over 15 metres high).
-Forests (mainly black spruce and fir) cover about 85 percent of N.B.
-The Appalachian Mountains run along the western edge of the province.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-N.B. is the main producer of lead, zinc, copper and bismuth in Canada.
-Gypsum, potash, antimony, silver, gold, natural gas and oil are also mined.
-There are fishing ports where more than fifty kinds of fish and shellfish are caught
(scallops, shrimp, herring, lobsters, snow crabs, mussels, oysters, etc. )
-Lobster is the most valuable catch. Crab is second.
-Aquaculture farms harvest salmon, trout, arctic char, oysters and mussels.
-The main industry is forestry.
-Paper, newspaper, magazines, tissue, wooden doors and windows are made.
-There are livestock, dairy, poultry, potato and berry farms.
-The main crop is potatoes. The Saint John River Valley is called the "Potato Belt."
-Apples, blueberries, strawberries, and cranberries are also grown.
-Fiddleheads (sprouts of the ostrich fern) are gathered in early spring for eating.
PEOPLE AND PLACES
-"Stompin Tom" Conners , a well-known folksinger, was born in Saint John in 1936
-R. Foulis invented the first steam foghorn (1860).
-Romeo LeBlanc was the first Acadian to become a Governor-General of Canada.
-Roch Voisine (song writer and singer ) won a Juno Award in 1993 for male vocalist.
-Bliss Carmen (1861-1929) was one of Canada's best known poets.
-Sir Charles G.D. Roberts (1860-1943) was known as the Father of Canadian Poetry.
-Donald Sutherland (1934- ) is a famous Hollywood actor.
-The McCain Brothers established McCain Foods in 1957. The company is the largest producer of french fries
and other oven-ready frozen food products in the world.
-Hartland Bridge is the world's longest covered bridge (390 m. or 1282 ft. long).
-Sixty-two covered bridges remain in the province.
-Confederation Bridge is the longest bridge in the world crossing ice-covered water.
It is 12.9 kilometres or 8 miles long. The bridge connects N.B. to Prince Edward Island.
-Magnetic Hill in Moncton is a type of optical illusion.
-At Reversing Falls on St. John River, the water rushes uphill against the normal flow of the falls.
-Bay of Fundy is the place for whale watching (Finbacks, Humpbacks, Pilot whales and the rare Right whale).
-Rocks Provincial Park (Bay of Fundy) has strange-shaped rocks called Flowerpot Rocks rising out of the sea
-There are more than 48 lighthouses, including those inland on the rivers
Nova scotia
NOVA SCOTIA -
N.S.
-one of the four Atlantic provinces on the east coast of Canada
-second smallest province (P.E.I. is the smallest)
-made up of the mainland and Cape Breton Island
-also includes over 3800 coastal islands
-capital city and largest city is Halifax - 403,437 in 2010
-Halifax is an international seaport and transportation center.
-flower - the Mayflower, tree -Red Spruce, bird - Osprey
-"Nova Scotia" means "New Scotland" in Latin.
-motto : " One defends and the other conquers"
THE PEOPLE
-There are 942,500 people living in Nova Scotia.(2010)
-Many people live in or close to Halifax.
-Most of the communities are along the coast.
-First people were the Micmacs (Mi'Kmaq).
-People came from Britain, Western Europe, and Southern Europe.
-Over eighty percent are of British ancestry, eighteen percent are of French ancestry
-Other groups include German, Dutch, Poles, Ukrainian, Chinese, Scandinavian and native people.
-N.S. has Canada's oldest African-Canadian community.
CLIMATE AND WEATHER
-The Atlantic coast is foggy, especially in the spring.
-There are heavy rains and stormy weather in the fall.
-The province has experienced hurricanes in the late summer.
WATER AND LAND
-The province is almost surrounded by water.
-The Atlantic Ocean is to the south and east.
-Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are connected by a small land bridge (28 km Isthmus of Chignecto) .
-The Bay of Fundy stretches between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.
-The Bay of Fundy has world's highest tides.
-Much of the province is part of the Appalachian Region.
-The province is covered with forests and lakes.
-There are 3000 small lakes.
-Almost 7500 km is rocky coastline.
-The Strait of Canso (1.2 km wide) separates the mainland of Nova Scotia from Cape Breton Island.
-The Canso Causeway is a road which connects the island to the mainland.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-Coal mining, fishing and fish processing were once major industries.
-The Fishery is the oldest and most important natural resource.
-Scallops, crabs, clams, cod, haddock, pollock, herring and salmon are caught in the waters off Nova Scotia.
-Lobsters from N.S. are shipped all across Canada.
-There are about 249 fish processing plants.
-The main mineral is coal which is used for making electricity.
-Refineries turn oil into gasoline and other products.
-Both hardwood and softwood forests cover much of the province.
-Forest products include lumber, pulp and paper and Christmas trees.
-There are three pulp and paper mills and several hundred sawmills.
-Nova Scotia is among the leading producers of gypsum in the world. Gypsum is used in the manufacture of wallboard.
-Apples, blueberries, pears and strawberries are grown in the Annapolis Valley.
PEOPLE and PLACES
-Anne Murray, a singer and songwriter from Springhill, has many gold singles.
-Singer Rita MacNeil and musician Ashley MacIssac are from Nova Scotia.
-A. Gesner made kerosene in the 1850s. The kerosene was burned in lamps and lanterns. He is known as the Father of the
Petroleum Industry.
-In the 1920s and 1930s the Bluenose schooner was famous for winning international races.
-Nova Scotia is called "Canada's ocean playground"
-Fishing villages and lighthouses along the coastline attract tourists.
-Peggy's Cove is a well-known fishing village with a lighthouse.
-The Citadel is a fort built (1856) on a hill overlooking Halifax harbour.
-Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site (Cape Breton Island) has a museum displaying his inventions.
He is the inventor of the telephone.
-The Fortress of Louisbourg (Cape Breton Island) is the largest reconstructed 18th-century French fortified town in
North America.
-Bras d'Or lake (Cape Breton Island) is a saltwater lake that is a nesting site of the endangered bald eagle
-one of the four Atlantic provinces on the east coast of Canada
-second smallest province (P.E.I. is the smallest)
-made up of the mainland and Cape Breton Island
-also includes over 3800 coastal islands
-capital city and largest city is Halifax - 403,437 in 2010
-Halifax is an international seaport and transportation center.
-flower - the Mayflower, tree -Red Spruce, bird - Osprey
-"Nova Scotia" means "New Scotland" in Latin.
-motto : " One defends and the other conquers"
THE PEOPLE
-There are 942,500 people living in Nova Scotia.(2010)
-Many people live in or close to Halifax.
-Most of the communities are along the coast.
-First people were the Micmacs (Mi'Kmaq).
-People came from Britain, Western Europe, and Southern Europe.
-Over eighty percent are of British ancestry, eighteen percent are of French ancestry
-Other groups include German, Dutch, Poles, Ukrainian, Chinese, Scandinavian and native people.
-N.S. has Canada's oldest African-Canadian community.
CLIMATE AND WEATHER
-The Atlantic coast is foggy, especially in the spring.
-There are heavy rains and stormy weather in the fall.
-The province has experienced hurricanes in the late summer.
WATER AND LAND
-The province is almost surrounded by water.
-The Atlantic Ocean is to the south and east.
-Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are connected by a small land bridge (28 km Isthmus of Chignecto) .
-The Bay of Fundy stretches between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.
-The Bay of Fundy has world's highest tides.
-Much of the province is part of the Appalachian Region.
-The province is covered with forests and lakes.
-There are 3000 small lakes.
-Almost 7500 km is rocky coastline.
-The Strait of Canso (1.2 km wide) separates the mainland of Nova Scotia from Cape Breton Island.
-The Canso Causeway is a road which connects the island to the mainland.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-Coal mining, fishing and fish processing were once major industries.
-The Fishery is the oldest and most important natural resource.
-Scallops, crabs, clams, cod, haddock, pollock, herring and salmon are caught in the waters off Nova Scotia.
-Lobsters from N.S. are shipped all across Canada.
-There are about 249 fish processing plants.
-The main mineral is coal which is used for making electricity.
-Refineries turn oil into gasoline and other products.
-Both hardwood and softwood forests cover much of the province.
-Forest products include lumber, pulp and paper and Christmas trees.
-There are three pulp and paper mills and several hundred sawmills.
-Nova Scotia is among the leading producers of gypsum in the world. Gypsum is used in the manufacture of wallboard.
-Apples, blueberries, pears and strawberries are grown in the Annapolis Valley.
PEOPLE and PLACES
-Anne Murray, a singer and songwriter from Springhill, has many gold singles.
-Singer Rita MacNeil and musician Ashley MacIssac are from Nova Scotia.
-A. Gesner made kerosene in the 1850s. The kerosene was burned in lamps and lanterns. He is known as the Father of the
Petroleum Industry.
-In the 1920s and 1930s the Bluenose schooner was famous for winning international races.
-Nova Scotia is called "Canada's ocean playground"
-Fishing villages and lighthouses along the coastline attract tourists.
-Peggy's Cove is a well-known fishing village with a lighthouse.
-The Citadel is a fort built (1856) on a hill overlooking Halifax harbour.
-Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site (Cape Breton Island) has a museum displaying his inventions.
He is the inventor of the telephone.
-The Fortress of Louisbourg (Cape Breton Island) is the largest reconstructed 18th-century French fortified town in
North America.
-Bras d'Or lake (Cape Breton Island) is a saltwater lake that is a nesting site of the endangered bald eagle
Prince Edward Island
Ode to PEI, Stompin`Tom Connors: Bud the Spud
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_Natalie MacMaster and her musical partner Donnell Leahy from Prince Edward Island play several
tunes from the Cape Breton tradition -- a sprightly, soulful style of
folk fiddling.
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The Barachois from P.E.I The name of the group refers to a barachois, an Acadian word for a type of shallow lagoon found on the ocean shores of eastern Canada.
|
Cynthia MacLeod is a Canadian fiddler from Prince Edward Island. She describes her fiddling style as "Cape Breton".
Rick Mercer Harvests Potatoes. (Content Warning) There is a brief mention of Vodka from potatoes and a quick mention of owing someone a beer for pelting them with potatoes by accident.
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Thursday February 26th, 2014
Prince Edward Island (P.E.I)
-PEI is one of the Atlantic provinces on the east coast of Canada.
-It is the smallest province in Canada.
-Charlottetown is the capital city of PEI.
-The Island was named "Prince Edward" Island in 1799 in honour of the father of Queen Victoria.
-Provincial flower - Lady's Slipper, Provincial tree - Northern Red Oak, Provincial bird - Blue Jay
-Province motto : "the small under the protection of the great"
THE PEOPLE
-As of July 1, 2010 the population is estimated to be 142,266. .
-Charlottetown is the largest city with an estimated population of 62,477 in the Greater Charlottetown Area.
-Summerside is the only other city.
HISTORY
-The first people to live on the Island were the Mi'kmaq (Micmac).
-Jacques Cartier, a French explorer, discovered the island in 1534.
-In 1603 Champlain, another French explorer, came to the island.
-PEI became the seventh Canadian province in 1873.
THE LAND AND WATER
-The province is about 224 km long and from 6 to 64 km wide.
-Almost all of the soil is made up of red-coloured sandstone.
-There are no major lakes or rivers, just ponds, small brooks and streams.
-Prince Edward Island National Park has a large beach with reddish sand, sand dunes, salt marshes and red sandstone cliffs.
-There are over 90 sandy beaches for swimming and boating.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-Agriculture is the largest industry.About thirty percent of Canada's potatoes are grown in PEI. Almost half of the land is used for farming.
-The second largest industry is tourism.
-Fishing is the third largest industry. Fishermen catch herring, tuna, cod and mackerel. Lobsters are caught in traps. Clams, scallops, mussels and oysters are farmed (in underwater hatcheries)
-Irish moss (a seaweed) is harvested by pulling a special rake along the rocks or on the sea floor. It is used to thicken ice cream, cheese and toothpaste.
TRANSPORTATION
-The Confederation Bridge joins New Brunswick and PEI. The bridge was opened in 1997 and is almost 13 km long. It takes 12 minutes to cross the bridge.
-Ferry boats travel between Nova Scotia and PEI.
-There are two airports - Charlottetown and Summerside.
PLACES and PEOPLE
-Charlottetown is the "birthplace of Canada" where leaders met in 1864 to discuss the formation of our country
-Tourists come from around the world to visit Green Gables House. It is a museum about Lucy Maud Montgomery, author
of the Anne of Green Gables books.
Prince Edward Island (P.E.I)
-PEI is one of the Atlantic provinces on the east coast of Canada.
-It is the smallest province in Canada.
-Charlottetown is the capital city of PEI.
-The Island was named "Prince Edward" Island in 1799 in honour of the father of Queen Victoria.
-Provincial flower - Lady's Slipper, Provincial tree - Northern Red Oak, Provincial bird - Blue Jay
-Province motto : "the small under the protection of the great"
THE PEOPLE
-As of July 1, 2010 the population is estimated to be 142,266. .
-Charlottetown is the largest city with an estimated population of 62,477 in the Greater Charlottetown Area.
-Summerside is the only other city.
HISTORY
-The first people to live on the Island were the Mi'kmaq (Micmac).
-Jacques Cartier, a French explorer, discovered the island in 1534.
-In 1603 Champlain, another French explorer, came to the island.
-PEI became the seventh Canadian province in 1873.
THE LAND AND WATER
-The province is about 224 km long and from 6 to 64 km wide.
-Almost all of the soil is made up of red-coloured sandstone.
-There are no major lakes or rivers, just ponds, small brooks and streams.
-Prince Edward Island National Park has a large beach with reddish sand, sand dunes, salt marshes and red sandstone cliffs.
-There are over 90 sandy beaches for swimming and boating.
RESOURCES/INDUSTRY
-Agriculture is the largest industry.About thirty percent of Canada's potatoes are grown in PEI. Almost half of the land is used for farming.
-The second largest industry is tourism.
-Fishing is the third largest industry. Fishermen catch herring, tuna, cod and mackerel. Lobsters are caught in traps. Clams, scallops, mussels and oysters are farmed (in underwater hatcheries)
-Irish moss (a seaweed) is harvested by pulling a special rake along the rocks or on the sea floor. It is used to thicken ice cream, cheese and toothpaste.
TRANSPORTATION
-The Confederation Bridge joins New Brunswick and PEI. The bridge was opened in 1997 and is almost 13 km long. It takes 12 minutes to cross the bridge.
-Ferry boats travel between Nova Scotia and PEI.
-There are two airports - Charlottetown and Summerside.
PLACES and PEOPLE
-Charlottetown is the "birthplace of Canada" where leaders met in 1864 to discuss the formation of our country
-Tourists come from around the world to visit Green Gables House. It is a museum about Lucy Maud Montgomery, author
of the Anne of Green Gables books.
Friday February 20th, 2015
Français
Habeas corpus
Une idée importante à connaître, c’est l’habeas corpus, qui se définit officiellement comme le « droit de contester une détention illégale par l’État ». C’est une expression en latin qui signifie que si la police arrête une personne qui ne croit pas avoir fait quelque chose d’illégal, cette personne peut contester le droit de la police de l’arrêter. Cette idée vient de la Grande-Bretagne. Elle provient de la Common law britannique.
Charte canadienne des droits et libertés
La Constitution du Canada comprend maintenant la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. En 1982, la reine Élizabeth II a signé la constitution modifiée qui comprend la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés.
La Charte souligne l’importance des traditions religieuses pour la société canadienne, ainsi que l’importance de chaque personne.
Wednesday February 18th, 2015
Français
Les droits et responsabilités
LibertésD’où viennent les lois canadiennes? Elles proviennent de la Common law anglaise (britannique) et du Code civil de la France, et se rapprochent beaucoup de la façon d’adopter les lois en Grande-Bretagne. En 1215, il y a presque 800 ans, le peuple britannique signait un document appelé la Magna Carta ou la Grande Charte des libertés. Ce document comporte de nombreuses idées importantes, telles que celles-ci :
Personal Freedoms
Where does Canadian law come from? It has its beginning in English (British) common law, the civil code of France, and it has many similarities with the way laws are made in Great Britain.
In 1215, almost 800 years ago, the people in Great Britain signed a document which is known as the Magna Carta, or the Great Charter of Freedoms.
This document had many important ideas in it, including:
Le français et l’anglais
La société canadienne moderne est issue des civilisations chrétiennes francophones et anglophones en provenance d’Europe. Le français et l’anglais sont les deux langues officielles du Canada. Le gouvernement fédéral est tenu par la loi de fournir des services en français et en anglais partout au Canada.
Les personnes dont la langue première est l’anglais sont des anglophones. Les personnes dont la langue première est le français sont des francophones. Le Canada compte dix-huit millions d’anglophones et sept millions de francophones. La plupart des francophones habitent au Québec, mais on retrouve un million de francophones en Ontario, au Nouveau-Brunswick et au Manitoba. Le Nouveau-Brunswick est la seule province officiellement bilingue.
Les Francophones : Les Acadiens
Les provinces de l’Est sont Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador, la Nouvelle-Écosse, le Nouveau-Brunswick et l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard. On les appelle les Maritimes. Les immigrants sont d’abord venus dans les Maritimes en 1604. Ils étaient français et leurs descendants sont les Acadiens.
De 1755 à 1763, la Grande-Bretagne et la France se faisaient la guerre. À cette époque, plus de deux tiers (65 %) des Acadiens qui vivaient dans cette partie du Canada ont été chassés du Canada et forcés d’aller en Grande-Bretagne, en France ou dans une autre colonie britannique. C’est ce qu’on a appelé le Grand Dérangement. De nos jours, il y a encore des Acadiens dans les Maritimes. Ils ont conservé leur culture et leur langue française.
Les Francophones : Les Québécois
Les Québécois sont les habitants du Québec. Un bon nombre parlent français, mais il y a aussi un million de Québécois qui sont anglophones. Les Québécois anglophones ont l’anglais comme langue première. Ces derniers sont les descendants des immigrants venus d’Angleterre, du pays de Galles et d’Irlande dans les années 1600. En d’autres termes, les Québécois anglophones ont des ancêtres anglais, gallois ou irlandais. La plupart des Québécois francophones sont les descendants des colons français venus s’établir dans les années 1600 et 1700. Les Québécois ont une culture et une identité à part.
En 2006, le gouvernement fédéral (à la Chambre des communes) a reconnu que les Québécois, y compris les Québécois francophones, forment une nation au sein d’un Canada uni.
English and French
Canadian society started with the English-speaking and French-speaking Christian people who came from Europe. English and French are Canada’s two official languages. The law states that the Federal government must have services in both English and French, throughout Canada.
People who speak English as a first language are called Anglophones, and people who speak French as a first language are called Francophones. There are 18 million Anglophones and seven million Francophones in Canada. Most Francophones live in Quebec, but one million Francophones live in Ontario, New Brunswick and Manitoba. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province.
Francophones: Acadians
The provinces on the eastern side of Canada - Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island - are called the Maritime Provinces. Immigrants began coming to the Maritimes in 1604. They were French, and their descendants are called the Acadians.
There was a war between Britain and France between 1755 and 1763. During this time, more than two thirds (65%) of the Acadians living in this part of Canada were forced to leave Canada, and go to Britain, France, or another British colony. This is called the Great Upheaval. Today there are still Acadian people living in the Maritimes. They have kept their culture and their French language.
Francophones: Quebecers
People who live in Quebec are called Quebecers. Many of them speak French, but there are also one million Quebecers who are Anglophones. Anglophones speak English as their first language. English Quebecers are descendents of immigrants from England, Wales and Ireland who came to Canada in the 1600s. In other words, English Quebecers come from English, Welsh, and Irish ancestors. Most of the French Quebecers are descendents of the French settlers in the 1600s and 1700s. Quebecers have a unique identity and culture.
In 2006, the federal government (through the House of Commons) agreed that Quebecers, including the French-speaking Quebecois, form a nation within a united Canada.
Friday February 6th, 2015 Social Studies topics: Canada`s defense and founding peoples.
La défense du Canada
Tu n’es pas obligé d’entrer dans l’armée canadienne si tu ne le veux pas. Certaines personnes choisissent d’entrer dans les forces armées canadiennes (armée, marine, aviation), car elles croient que c’est un bon choix de carrière, et une bonne façon d’aider le Canada. Tu peux faire partie de la réserve dans l’aviation, la marine ou la milice locale.
Tu peux aussi aider le Canada au sein de la Garde côtière ou des services d’urgence, ou en devenant policier ou pompier. Autrefois, de nombreux Canadiens et Canadiennes ont occupé de tels emplois et ont aidé le Canada à devenir un grand pays.
Les peuples fondateurs du Canada
Que signifie être canadien? Pour pouvoir répondre à cette question, tu dois savoir qui sont les trois groupes de personnes qui ont contribué à bâtir le Canada :
Les peuples autochtones
On croit généralement que les ancêtres des peuples autochtones sont venus d’Asie il y a plusieurs milliers d’années. Les Autochtones ont vécu et travaillé ici bien avant l’arrivée des Français et des Britanniques. Il existe de nombreuses cultures autochtones. Les Premières Nations croyaient en une puissance créatrice et à l’importance du milieu naturel. Les peuples autochtones sont les premiers habitants du Canada.
Autrefois, en 1763, le roi George III a accordé aux peuples autochtones le droit d’occuper le territoire qu’ils habitaient. C’est ce qu’on a appelé les droits territoriaux. Mais on n’a pas toujours respecté cette promesse. La promesse de respecter les droits autochtones et territoriaux est maintenant dans la constitution canadienne.
Defending Canada
You do not have to join the Canadian military if you do not want to join. Some people choose to join the Canadian Forces (army, navy, or air force) because they believe it is a good career choice, and a good way to help Canada. You can serve in the local navy, militia, or air reserves that are in your area.
Another way to help Canada is through the Coast Guard or emergency services, or by working as a police officer or a fire fighter. In the past, many Canadians have worked hard at these jobs, and helped Canada to become a great country.
The Founding Peoples
There are 3 groups of people who helped to start Canada:
Aboriginal Peoples
Most people believe that the Aboriginal peoples in Canada today had ancestors who came to Canada many thousands of years ago from Asia. The Aboriginal peoples lived and worked in Canada long before the French or British came. There were many different First Nations cultures. They believed in the Creator, and had beliefs about the importance of the natural environment. The Aboriginal peoples were the first people to live in Canada.
In the past, in 1763, King George III promised to allow the Aboriginal peoples to have the right to the land on which they lived. These were called territorial rights. But these promises were not always kept. Now the promises to keep Aboriginal and territorial rights are in the Canadian Constitution.
Wednesday February 4th: Les Canadiens qui sommes-nous? Who are Canadians?
Francais
Qui sommes-nous? Le Canada est un pays fort et libre. L’Amérique du Nord compte trois pays : le Canada, les États-Unis d’Amérique (É.-U.) et le Mexique. Le Canada est une monarchie constitutionnelle, mais ce n’est pas le cas des États-Unis et du Mexique.
Une importante affirmation du gouvernement canadien est son engagement envers la paix, l’ordre et le bon gouvernement, énoncée en 1867 dans le premier document constitutionnel du Canada, l’Acte de l’Amérique du Nord britannique. Les Canadiens et les Canadiennes croient dans la liberté, mais l’ordre est nécessaire. Nous croyons qu’il faut travailler fort et être équitable. Le Canada est appelé le grand dominion.
English Translation
Who are Canadians? Canada is a strong and free country. North America consists of three countries: Canada, the United States and Mexico. Canada is a constitutional monarchie, but the U.S. and Mexico are not.
An important factor for the Canadian government is its treatment and beliefs towards: peace, order and a fair government. In 1867 the first Constitutional Act, documented these reponsibilities of and towards canadians. Canadians beleive in freedom, but also acknowledge that order is important. As canadians, we believe that we must work hard and treat people fairly and equaly. Canada is also know as the Great Dominion.
Français
Habeas corpus
Une idée importante à connaître, c’est l’habeas corpus, qui se définit officiellement comme le « droit de contester une détention illégale par l’État ». C’est une expression en latin qui signifie que si la police arrête une personne qui ne croit pas avoir fait quelque chose d’illégal, cette personne peut contester le droit de la police de l’arrêter. Cette idée vient de la Grande-Bretagne. Elle provient de la Common law britannique.
Charte canadienne des droits et libertés
La Constitution du Canada comprend maintenant la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. En 1982, la reine Élizabeth II a signé la constitution modifiée qui comprend la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés.
La Charte souligne l’importance des traditions religieuses pour la société canadienne, ainsi que l’importance de chaque personne.
Wednesday February 18th, 2015
Français
Les droits et responsabilités
LibertésD’où viennent les lois canadiennes? Elles proviennent de la Common law anglaise (britannique) et du Code civil de la France, et se rapprochent beaucoup de la façon d’adopter les lois en Grande-Bretagne. En 1215, il y a presque 800 ans, le peuple britannique signait un document appelé la Magna Carta ou la Grande Charte des libertés. Ce document comporte de nombreuses idées importantes, telles que celles-ci :
- La liberté de conscience et de religion : Tu peux croire ce que tu veux.
- La liberté de pensée, de croyance, d’opinion et d’expression, y compris la liberté de parole et de la presse : Tu peux avoir tes propres idées, et tu peux dire ce que tu veux. Tu peux imprimer ou publier ce que tu veux.
- La liberté de réunion pacifique : Tu peux te réunir en groupe pour quelque raison que ce soit, dans une assemblée religieuse par exemple.
- La liberté d’association : Tu peux rencontrer qui tu veux ou devenir ami avec qui tu veux.
Personal Freedoms
Where does Canadian law come from? It has its beginning in English (British) common law, the civil code of France, and it has many similarities with the way laws are made in Great Britain.
In 1215, almost 800 years ago, the people in Great Britain signed a document which is known as the Magna Carta, or the Great Charter of Freedoms.
This document had many important ideas in it, including:
- Freedom of conscience and religion: You can believe what you want.
- Freedom of thought, belief, and opinion and expression, including freedom of speech and of the press: You can have your own ideas, and you can say what you want to say. You can print or publish what you want.
- Freedom of peaceful assembly: You can have group meetings, like religious gatherings or meet for any other reason in a group.
- Freedom of association: You can meet or be friends with anyone you want.
Le français et l’anglais
La société canadienne moderne est issue des civilisations chrétiennes francophones et anglophones en provenance d’Europe. Le français et l’anglais sont les deux langues officielles du Canada. Le gouvernement fédéral est tenu par la loi de fournir des services en français et en anglais partout au Canada.
Les personnes dont la langue première est l’anglais sont des anglophones. Les personnes dont la langue première est le français sont des francophones. Le Canada compte dix-huit millions d’anglophones et sept millions de francophones. La plupart des francophones habitent au Québec, mais on retrouve un million de francophones en Ontario, au Nouveau-Brunswick et au Manitoba. Le Nouveau-Brunswick est la seule province officiellement bilingue.
Les Francophones : Les Acadiens
Les provinces de l’Est sont Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador, la Nouvelle-Écosse, le Nouveau-Brunswick et l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard. On les appelle les Maritimes. Les immigrants sont d’abord venus dans les Maritimes en 1604. Ils étaient français et leurs descendants sont les Acadiens.
De 1755 à 1763, la Grande-Bretagne et la France se faisaient la guerre. À cette époque, plus de deux tiers (65 %) des Acadiens qui vivaient dans cette partie du Canada ont été chassés du Canada et forcés d’aller en Grande-Bretagne, en France ou dans une autre colonie britannique. C’est ce qu’on a appelé le Grand Dérangement. De nos jours, il y a encore des Acadiens dans les Maritimes. Ils ont conservé leur culture et leur langue française.
Les Francophones : Les Québécois
Les Québécois sont les habitants du Québec. Un bon nombre parlent français, mais il y a aussi un million de Québécois qui sont anglophones. Les Québécois anglophones ont l’anglais comme langue première. Ces derniers sont les descendants des immigrants venus d’Angleterre, du pays de Galles et d’Irlande dans les années 1600. En d’autres termes, les Québécois anglophones ont des ancêtres anglais, gallois ou irlandais. La plupart des Québécois francophones sont les descendants des colons français venus s’établir dans les années 1600 et 1700. Les Québécois ont une culture et une identité à part.
En 2006, le gouvernement fédéral (à la Chambre des communes) a reconnu que les Québécois, y compris les Québécois francophones, forment une nation au sein d’un Canada uni.
English and French
Canadian society started with the English-speaking and French-speaking Christian people who came from Europe. English and French are Canada’s two official languages. The law states that the Federal government must have services in both English and French, throughout Canada.
People who speak English as a first language are called Anglophones, and people who speak French as a first language are called Francophones. There are 18 million Anglophones and seven million Francophones in Canada. Most Francophones live in Quebec, but one million Francophones live in Ontario, New Brunswick and Manitoba. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province.
Francophones: Acadians
The provinces on the eastern side of Canada - Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island - are called the Maritime Provinces. Immigrants began coming to the Maritimes in 1604. They were French, and their descendants are called the Acadians.
There was a war between Britain and France between 1755 and 1763. During this time, more than two thirds (65%) of the Acadians living in this part of Canada were forced to leave Canada, and go to Britain, France, or another British colony. This is called the Great Upheaval. Today there are still Acadian people living in the Maritimes. They have kept their culture and their French language.
Francophones: Quebecers
People who live in Quebec are called Quebecers. Many of them speak French, but there are also one million Quebecers who are Anglophones. Anglophones speak English as their first language. English Quebecers are descendents of immigrants from England, Wales and Ireland who came to Canada in the 1600s. In other words, English Quebecers come from English, Welsh, and Irish ancestors. Most of the French Quebecers are descendents of the French settlers in the 1600s and 1700s. Quebecers have a unique identity and culture.
In 2006, the federal government (through the House of Commons) agreed that Quebecers, including the French-speaking Quebecois, form a nation within a united Canada.
Friday February 6th, 2015 Social Studies topics: Canada`s defense and founding peoples.
La défense du Canada
Tu n’es pas obligé d’entrer dans l’armée canadienne si tu ne le veux pas. Certaines personnes choisissent d’entrer dans les forces armées canadiennes (armée, marine, aviation), car elles croient que c’est un bon choix de carrière, et une bonne façon d’aider le Canada. Tu peux faire partie de la réserve dans l’aviation, la marine ou la milice locale.
Tu peux aussi aider le Canada au sein de la Garde côtière ou des services d’urgence, ou en devenant policier ou pompier. Autrefois, de nombreux Canadiens et Canadiennes ont occupé de tels emplois et ont aidé le Canada à devenir un grand pays.
Les peuples fondateurs du Canada
Que signifie être canadien? Pour pouvoir répondre à cette question, tu dois savoir qui sont les trois groupes de personnes qui ont contribué à bâtir le Canada :
- les Autochtones
- les Français
- les Britanniques
Les peuples autochtones
On croit généralement que les ancêtres des peuples autochtones sont venus d’Asie il y a plusieurs milliers d’années. Les Autochtones ont vécu et travaillé ici bien avant l’arrivée des Français et des Britanniques. Il existe de nombreuses cultures autochtones. Les Premières Nations croyaient en une puissance créatrice et à l’importance du milieu naturel. Les peuples autochtones sont les premiers habitants du Canada.
Autrefois, en 1763, le roi George III a accordé aux peuples autochtones le droit d’occuper le territoire qu’ils habitaient. C’est ce qu’on a appelé les droits territoriaux. Mais on n’a pas toujours respecté cette promesse. La promesse de respecter les droits autochtones et territoriaux est maintenant dans la constitution canadienne.
Defending Canada
You do not have to join the Canadian military if you do not want to join. Some people choose to join the Canadian Forces (army, navy, or air force) because they believe it is a good career choice, and a good way to help Canada. You can serve in the local navy, militia, or air reserves that are in your area.
Another way to help Canada is through the Coast Guard or emergency services, or by working as a police officer or a fire fighter. In the past, many Canadians have worked hard at these jobs, and helped Canada to become a great country.
The Founding Peoples
There are 3 groups of people who helped to start Canada:
- Aboriginal peoples
- The French
- The British
Aboriginal Peoples
Most people believe that the Aboriginal peoples in Canada today had ancestors who came to Canada many thousands of years ago from Asia. The Aboriginal peoples lived and worked in Canada long before the French or British came. There were many different First Nations cultures. They believed in the Creator, and had beliefs about the importance of the natural environment. The Aboriginal peoples were the first people to live in Canada.
In the past, in 1763, King George III promised to allow the Aboriginal peoples to have the right to the land on which they lived. These were called territorial rights. But these promises were not always kept. Now the promises to keep Aboriginal and territorial rights are in the Canadian Constitution.
Wednesday February 4th: Les Canadiens qui sommes-nous? Who are Canadians?
Francais
Qui sommes-nous? Le Canada est un pays fort et libre. L’Amérique du Nord compte trois pays : le Canada, les États-Unis d’Amérique (É.-U.) et le Mexique. Le Canada est une monarchie constitutionnelle, mais ce n’est pas le cas des États-Unis et du Mexique.
Une importante affirmation du gouvernement canadien est son engagement envers la paix, l’ordre et le bon gouvernement, énoncée en 1867 dans le premier document constitutionnel du Canada, l’Acte de l’Amérique du Nord britannique. Les Canadiens et les Canadiennes croient dans la liberté, mais l’ordre est nécessaire. Nous croyons qu’il faut travailler fort et être équitable. Le Canada est appelé le grand dominion.
English Translation
Who are Canadians? Canada is a strong and free country. North America consists of three countries: Canada, the United States and Mexico. Canada is a constitutional monarchie, but the U.S. and Mexico are not.
An important factor for the Canadian government is its treatment and beliefs towards: peace, order and a fair government. In 1867 the first Constitutional Act, documented these reponsibilities of and towards canadians. Canadians beleive in freedom, but also acknowledge that order is important. As canadians, we believe that we must work hard and treat people fairly and equaly. Canada is also know as the Great Dominion.
Tuesday February 3rd, 2015
In pairs, students were assigned to a province or territory. They needed to find 10 facts about their assigned location. They presented 4 of the 10 to the class.
In order to ensure students were paying attention, I told them they would have a pop quiz on what we learned..
The facts below are those shared by students in French and English
In pairs, students were assigned to a province or territory. They needed to find 10 facts about their assigned location. They presented 4 of the 10 to the class.
In order to ensure students were paying attention, I told them they would have a pop quiz on what we learned..
The facts below are those shared by students in French and English
L' Ontario:
1) L'Ontario a beaucoup de lacs: Ontario has a lot of lakes
2) 11 Millions personnes vivent en Ontario: 11 million people live in Ontario
3) Toronto est la ville capitale de l'Ontario: Toronto is Ontario's capital city
4) La 2ieme plus grande province: second largest province in Canada
L'Ile du Prince Edouard: Prince Edward Island
1) La plus petite province: smallest province
2) Fleur emblem Cypripedium: Provincial flower Cypripedium
3) 224 km de long: 224 km long
4) Les Brittanique on nommé la province: The British named the province
Le Québec
1) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
2) Au nord du Nouveau Brunswick: North of New Brunswick
3) Plus grande province: Largest province
L'Alberta
1) Nommé après la princess Louisa Alberta: Named after the princess Louisa Alberta
2) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
3) la moitié des gens qui vivent en Alberta vivent à Calgary ou Edmonton: half of the people who live in Alberta live in either Calgary or Edmonton
4) La ville capitale est Edmonton: capital city is Edmonton
Le Saskatchewan
1) La ville capitale est Regina: the capital city is Regina
2) La rivière Saskatchewan est la plus long en Saskatchewan: the Saskatchewan river is their longest river
3) La plus grande ville est Saskatoon: largest city is Saskatoon
4) Une des 3 provinces des prairies: One of the 3 prairie provinces
Nunavut:
1) Au nord du Canada: in the north of Canada
2) 25 000 personnes vivent a Nunavut: about 25 000 people live in Nunavut
3) Nunavut est devenu un territoire en 1999: Nunavut became a territory in 1999
4) Plus gros territoire: largest territory
Le Manitoba
1) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
2) une des 3 provinces des praries: is one one of the 3 prairie provinces
3) cultivent du blé: they grow wheat
4) vendent leur blé aux autre pays: sell their wheat to other countries
Nouveau Brunswick: New Brunswick
1) une ville est la ville de St Jean: a city in New Brunswick is St John's
2) 700 000 personnes vivent au Nouveau Brunswick: 700 000 people live in New Brunswick
3) La ville capitale est Frederickton: capital city if Fredericton
4) une des 4 provinces Atlantique: one of the 4 Atlantic Provinces
Le Territoire du Nord-Ouest: North West Territory
1) On trouve des diamants pres du lac Gras: diamonds can be found near Snap lake
2) Le fleuve Mackenzie est le plus long au Canada: the Mackenzie river is the longest in Canada
3) la ville capitale est Yellowknife: capital city is Yellowknife
La Colombie Brittanique: British Columbia
1) a l'ouest du Canada: in western Canada
2) la ville capitale est Victoria: capital city is Victoria
3) au sud du Yukon: located south of the Yukom
4) le parc national Yoho a des ours grizzly et des puma: Yoho national parc has bears and cougars
Le Yukon
1) 30 000 personnes vivent au Yukon: 30 000 people like in the Yukon
2) attrait plus de 300 000 touriste: attracts more than 300 000 per year
3) Mont Logan est la plus haute montagne au Canada: Mount Logan is the hightes mountain in Canada
4) Parc national Kluane: National park Kluane
1) L'Ontario a beaucoup de lacs: Ontario has a lot of lakes
2) 11 Millions personnes vivent en Ontario: 11 million people live in Ontario
3) Toronto est la ville capitale de l'Ontario: Toronto is Ontario's capital city
4) La 2ieme plus grande province: second largest province in Canada
L'Ile du Prince Edouard: Prince Edward Island
1) La plus petite province: smallest province
2) Fleur emblem Cypripedium: Provincial flower Cypripedium
3) 224 km de long: 224 km long
4) Les Brittanique on nommé la province: The British named the province
Le Québec
1) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
2) Au nord du Nouveau Brunswick: North of New Brunswick
3) Plus grande province: Largest province
L'Alberta
1) Nommé après la princess Louisa Alberta: Named after the princess Louisa Alberta
2) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
3) la moitié des gens qui vivent en Alberta vivent à Calgary ou Edmonton: half of the people who live in Alberta live in either Calgary or Edmonton
4) La ville capitale est Edmonton: capital city is Edmonton
Le Saskatchewan
1) La ville capitale est Regina: the capital city is Regina
2) La rivière Saskatchewan est la plus long en Saskatchewan: the Saskatchewan river is their longest river
3) La plus grande ville est Saskatoon: largest city is Saskatoon
4) Une des 3 provinces des prairies: One of the 3 prairie provinces
Nunavut:
1) Au nord du Canada: in the north of Canada
2) 25 000 personnes vivent a Nunavut: about 25 000 people live in Nunavut
3) Nunavut est devenu un territoire en 1999: Nunavut became a territory in 1999
4) Plus gros territoire: largest territory
Le Manitoba
1) est une province du Canada: is a province in Canada
2) une des 3 provinces des praries: is one one of the 3 prairie provinces
3) cultivent du blé: they grow wheat
4) vendent leur blé aux autre pays: sell their wheat to other countries
Nouveau Brunswick: New Brunswick
1) une ville est la ville de St Jean: a city in New Brunswick is St John's
2) 700 000 personnes vivent au Nouveau Brunswick: 700 000 people live in New Brunswick
3) La ville capitale est Frederickton: capital city if Fredericton
4) une des 4 provinces Atlantique: one of the 4 Atlantic Provinces
Le Territoire du Nord-Ouest: North West Territory
1) On trouve des diamants pres du lac Gras: diamonds can be found near Snap lake
2) Le fleuve Mackenzie est le plus long au Canada: the Mackenzie river is the longest in Canada
3) la ville capitale est Yellowknife: capital city is Yellowknife
La Colombie Brittanique: British Columbia
1) a l'ouest du Canada: in western Canada
2) la ville capitale est Victoria: capital city is Victoria
3) au sud du Yukon: located south of the Yukom
4) le parc national Yoho a des ours grizzly et des puma: Yoho national parc has bears and cougars
Le Yukon
1) 30 000 personnes vivent au Yukon: 30 000 people like in the Yukon
2) attrait plus de 300 000 touriste: attracts more than 300 000 per year
3) Mont Logan est la plus haute montagne au Canada: Mount Logan is the hightes mountain in Canada
4) Parc national Kluane: National park Kluane
Links To learning
Grade 4 Ancient Civilizations
Early Societies 3000 BCE - 1500 CE http://www.ancientcivilizations.co.uk/home_set.html
Odyssey Online - http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/
A Multitude of online resources about ancient civilisation http://www.linktolearning.com/grade4ss.htm
The Ancient Web: http://www.ancientweb.org/
Ancient History for kids: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/forkids/
World Civilizations: http://web.archive.org/
Ancient Civilizations for Kids: http://www.kathimitchell.com/ancivil.html
Ancient History and Archeology: http://www.goodsitesforkids.org/ancient.htm
Early Societies 3000 BCE - 1500 CE http://www.ancientcivilizations.co.uk/home_set.html
Odyssey Online - http://carlos.emory.edu/ODYSSEY/
A Multitude of online resources about ancient civilisation http://www.linktolearning.com/grade4ss.htm
The Ancient Web: http://www.ancientweb.org/
Ancient History for kids: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/forkids/
World Civilizations: http://web.archive.org/
Ancient Civilizations for Kids: http://www.kathimitchell.com/ancivil.html
Ancient History and Archeology: http://www.goodsitesforkids.org/ancient.htm
Grade 5 First Nations of Canada
First Peoples of Canada: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_overview.html
Can Teach First Nations: http://www.canteach.ca/links/linkfnations.html
Aboriginal Affairs: Games and Facts for kids: https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1302795811383/1302795996982
Native Drums: http://www.native-drums.ca/
Four Directions Teaching: Video http://www.fourdirectionsteachings.com/main.html
Native Americans: http://www.hanksville.net/
Path of the Elders: http://www.pathoftheelders.com/teachers
Eco Kids: First Nations http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/eco_info/topics/first_nations_inuit/index.cfm
Canadian Geographic First Nations: http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/cgkidsAtlas/time.asp
First Peoples of Canada: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_overview.html
Can Teach First Nations: http://www.canteach.ca/links/linkfnations.html
Aboriginal Affairs: Games and Facts for kids: https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1302795811383/1302795996982
Native Drums: http://www.native-drums.ca/
Four Directions Teaching: Video http://www.fourdirectionsteachings.com/main.html
Native Americans: http://www.hanksville.net/
Path of the Elders: http://www.pathoftheelders.com/teachers
Eco Kids: First Nations http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/eco_info/topics/first_nations_inuit/index.cfm
Canadian Geographic First Nations: http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/cgkidsAtlas/time.asp